Predictors and outcomes of in-hospital referrals for forensic investigation after young sudden cardiac death

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芪苈强心胶囊配合保元汤加减治疗慢性心力衰竭临床研究

目的:观察芪苈强心胶囊配合保元汤加减用于慢性心力衰竭的治疗效果。方法:选取收治的慢性心力衰竭患者104例作为研究对象,运用随机数字表法将其分为观察组(52例)和对照组(52例),两组患者均接受常规治疗,对照组采用保元汤治疗,观察组同时应用芪苈强心胶囊联合保元汤治疗。观察患者治疗前及治疗后6个月的6 min步行试验的步行距离(6MWD)及纽约心脏病学会心功能分级(NYHA)、血清学指标N末端B型利尿钠肽原(NT-proBNP)、半乳糖凝集素3(Galectin-3)及白介素6(IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、心脏指数(CI)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室重量指数(LVMI)和室壁运动指数(WMI)、左室间隔厚度(IVST)变化情况。结果:治疗前后,两组患者比较心功能指标、Galectin-3、炎性因子指标、心室重构指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 观察组与对照组患者相比,6 min步行距离、CI、LVEF、升高更为显著(P<0.05); 观察组患者NYHA分级、NT-proBNP、Galectin-3、IL-6、hs-CRP、TNF-α、LVEDD、LVESD、LVMI、WMI、IVST降低更为显著(P<0.05)。结论:芪苈强心胶囊辅助保元汤加减能够有效改善慢性心力衰竭患者心脏功能,有利于患者体内炎性因子及Galectin-3水平降低,抑制心室重构进展,患者心脏舒缩功能改善效果更佳。     

Evaluation of a delineation software for cardiac atlas-based autosegmentation: An example of the use of artificial intelligence in modern radiotherapy

PurposeThe primary objective of this work was to implement and evaluate a cardiac atlas-based autosegmentation technique based on the “Workflow Box” software (Mirada Medical, Oxford UK), in order to delineate cardiac substructures according to European Society of Therapeutic Radiation Oncology (ESTRO) guidelines; review and comparison with other cardiac atlas-based autosegmentation algorithms published to date.Materials and MethodsOf an atlas of data set from 20 breast cancer patients’ CT scans with recontoured cardiac substructures creation according to the ESTRO guidelines. Performance evaluation on a validation data set consisting of 20 others CT scans acquired in the same treatment position: cardiac substructure were automatically contoured by the Mirada system, using the implemented cardiac atlas, and simultaneously manually contoured by a radiation oncologist. The Dice similarity coefficient was used to evaluate the concordance level between the manual and the automatic segmentations.ResultsDice similarity coefficient value was 0.95 for the whole heart and 0.80 for the four cardiac chambers. Average Dice similarity coefficient value for the left ventricle walls was 0.50, ranging between 0.34 for the apical wall and 0.70 for the lateral wall. Compared to manual contours, autosegmented substructure volumes were significantly smaller, with the exception of the left ventricle. Coronary artery segmentation was unsuccessful. Performances were overall similar to other published cardiac atlas-based autosegmentation algorithms.ConclusionThe evaluated cardiac atlas-based autosegmentation technique, using the Mirada software, demonstrated acceptable performance for cardiac cavities delineation. However, algorithm improvement is still needed in order to develop efficient and trusted cardiac autosegmentation working tools for daily practice.     

Highlights of the 15th annual scientific meeting of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography

The 15th Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT) annual scientific meeting (ASM) welcomed 770 digital attendees from 44 countries, over 2 days, with a program that included 30 sessions across three simultaneously streaming channels, 10 exhibitors and a diverse range of scientific abstracts. In addition, #SCCT2020 generated >5900 tweets from nearly 700 engaged social media participants resulting in an estimated 38 million digital impressions and becoming #1 trending medical meeting in social media in the world during the meeting time period. This article summarizes the many themes and topics of presentation and discussion in this meeting, and the many technical advances that are likely to impact future clinical practice in cardiovascular computed tomography.     

Management of Neonatal Hypotension and Shock

The current standard approach to manage circulatory insufficiency is inappropriately simple and clear: respond to low blood pressure to achieve higher values. However, the evidence for this is limited affecting all steps within the process: assessment, decision making, therapeutic options, and treatment effects. We have to overcome the ‘one size fits all’ approach and respect the dynamic physiologic transition from fetal to neonatal life in the context of complex underlying conditions. Caregivers need to individualize their approaches to individual circumstances. This paper will review various clinical scenarios, including managing transitional low blood pressure, to circulatory impairment involving different pathologies such as hypoxia-ischemia and sepsis. We will highlight the current evidence and set potential goals for future development in these areas. We hope to encourage caregivers to question the current standards and to support urgently needed research in this overlooked but crucial field of neonatal intensive care.     

胃神经官能症予以中西医结合治疗

目的:观察胃神经官能症予以中西医结合治疗的效果。方法:选取我院2018年4月-2019年4月收治的134例胃神经官能症患者进行研究,依照治疗方法的不同,将其分为参照组和研究组两组,每组各67例,参照组实施穴位注射治疗,研究组在参照组的基础上采用中药剂柴胡桂枝汤治疗,对两组患者治疗前后的中医症状体征积分、焦虑评分、抑郁评分、治疗总有效率及复发情况进行观察和比较。结果:治疗前两组患者的食少纳差、胃脘胀痛、少寐多梦及神疲乏力等中医症状体征积分差异不明显(P>0.05),治疗后研究组患者的食少纳差、胃脘胀痛、少寐多梦及神疲乏力等中医症状体征积分明显比参照组优(P<0.05);治疗前两组患者的焦虑评分及抑郁评分差异不明显(P>0.05),治疗后研究组患者的焦虑评分、抑郁评分及复发率明显比参照组低(P<0.05);治疗总有效率明显比参照组高(P<0.05)。结论:穴位注射与中药剂柴胡桂枝汤联合治疗胃神经官能症,可使患者临床症状得到明显改善及治疗有效率得到提高,缓解患者产生的焦虑、抑郁情绪,并且还能使患者治疗后的复发率得到降低,值得进行临床应用和推广。     

Microbiological diagnosis in cardiac implantable electronic device infections detected by sonication and next-generation sequencing

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心肌超声造影在心脏占位性病变诊断中的价值

心脏占位性病变是一类发病率较低,严重威胁患者生命的疾病,其临床表现缺乏特异性,治疗和预后更因性质而异,因此早期发现及诊断心脏占位性病变对患者非常重要。心肌超声造影是近年来兴起的新技术,该技术能定性及定量评估心脏占位性病变的血流灌注,为诊断及鉴别心脏占位性病变提供依据。本文就心肌超声造影在心脏占位性病变诊断中的价值进行综述。